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wine cap (Stropharia rugosoannulata), photo
Photo
Cultivated

Wine capStropharia rugosoannulata

king stropharia

Stropharia rugosoannulata is an edible mushroom also produced for cooking. It grows on wood chips and organic debris in gardens, pastures, and forests. People look it up for its culinary uses and its jagged-edged ring.[3][6]

Edible. Eat it cooked. Never eat a wild mushroom identified only from photos.

  • Season in Mexico
  • HabitatWood chips and debris
  • FlavorUmami and sweet
  • GrowingMedium
  • FamilyStrophariaceae

How do you identify wine cap?

Cap
4–13 cm; convex, becoming nearly flat. Wine red to reddish brown, fading to yellowish brown.[1]
Gills
Attached to the stem. Initially whitish to pale gray; later purplish gray to purple-black.[1]
Stem
8–16 cm long and 1–2 cm thick. White, becoming yellowish or brownish with age.[1]
Ring
Thick, white to yellowish; grooved above and radially split below.[1]
Flesh
White and firm; unchanged when sliced.[1]
Spore print
Very dark purple-brown. Useful for identification together with the ring.[3]
Wild and cultivated specimens
Identification of wild and cultivated specimens combines a wine-colored cap, purplish gills, and a jagged-edged ring.[3]

Can you eat wine cap?

It is edible. Cook it before eating, and have an expert confirm any wild specimen you intend to consume.[8][10]

How do you grow wine cap?

Temperature

Colonization21–27 °C

Fruiting16–21 °C

Humidity

Colonization0–95 %

Fruiting0–90 %

Full cycle: 70 days

Light
Indirect

Substrates

  • Hardwood chips
  • Straw
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How do you cook wine cap?

It has firm flesh. You can sauté it in oil or butter, or grill it. Serve it with rice and asparagus, on hamburgers, or alongside vegetables.[5][7]

Where and when does wine cap grow?

It grows among wood chips, straw, mulch, lawns, and gardens. At Tequila Volcano in Jalisco, it is recorded as terrestrial in pine-oak forest.[8]

The North American description reports fruiting from spring through fall. Fruiting months in Mexico remain unconfirmed.[1]

It is documented in North America, Europe, and Asia. Mexico has a record from Tequila Volcano in Jalisco.[8]

Baja CaliforniaBCSonoraSONChihuahuaCHHCoahuilaCOANuevo LeónNLBaja California SurBCSSinaloaSINDurangoDURZacatecasZACSan Luis PotosíSLPTamaulipasTAMNayaritNAYJaliscoJALAguascalientesAGSGuanajuatoGTOQuerétaroQROHidalgoHGOColimaCOLMichoacánMICEstado de MéxicoMEXCiudad de MéxicoCDMXTlaxcalaTLXVeracruzVERYucatánYUCGuerreroGROMorelosMORPueblaPUETabascoTABCampecheCAMQuintana RooROOOaxacaOAXChiapasCHP
States with records (1/32): Jalisco

See the mushroom map

Fun facts

  • The name rugosoannulata refers to its wrinkled ring.[7]
  • It produces spiny cells called acanthocytes. A study showed that these cells immobilize nematodes and help capture them.[9]

Frequently asked questions

Sources

  1. Stropharia rugosoannulata (MushroomExpert.Com)
  2. E-Flora BC: Electronic Atlas of the Flora of BC
  3. Section 2: Enterprise Planning - Cornell Small Farms
  4. Agrocybe praecox (MushroomExpert.Com)
  5. Cultivation and Cuisine: Getting Started with Wine Cap Mushrooms
  6. Nutritional, Bioactive, and Flavor Components of Giant Stropharia (Stropharia rugoso-annulata): A Review
  7. Stropharia rugosoannulata - Wikipedia
  8. Catálogo de los hongos del Volcán de Tequila, Municipio de Tequila, Jalisco, México
  9. Acanthocytes of Stropharia rugosoannulata Function as a Nematode-Attacking Device
  10. Toxic and Nontoxic Look-alike Mushrooms

Written with AI help from the cited sources. A second model checked every fact against those sources and removed what they did not support.

Image credits

Photos are under free licenses (CC0, CC BY or CC BY-SA).

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